IFS Documentation front page

I Observations
II Assimilation
III Dynamics
IV Physics
V Ensemble
VI Technical
VII Waves

Part II: Data assimilation

CHAPTER 5 Conventional observational constraints

Table of contents

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Data usage

5.2.1 Controls

5.2.2 Overview of observation operators

5.3 The observation operator for geopotential height

5.3.1 Quadratic vertical interpolation near the top of the model

5.3.2 Below the model's orography

5.4 The observation operator for wind

5.5 The observation operators for humidity

5.5.1 Saturation vapour pressure

5.5.2 Relative humidity

5.5.3 Precipitable water

5.5.4 Specific humidity

5.6 The observation operator for temperature

5.7 Surface observation operators

5.7.1 Mathematical formulation

5.7.2 Surface values of dry static energy

5.7.3 Transfer coefficients

5.7.4 Two-metre relative humidity