CHAPTER 1 Incremental
formulation of 3D/4D variational assimilation-an overview
CHAPTER 2 3D variational assimilation
CHAPTER 3 4D variational assimilation
CHAPTER 4 Background term
CHAPTER 5 Conventional observational
constraints
CHAPTER 6 Satellite observational
constraints
CHAPTER 7 Background, analysis
and forecast errors
CHAPTER 8 Gravity-wave control
CHAPTER 9 Data partitioning (OBSORT)
CHAPTER 10 Observation screening
CHAPTER 11 Analysis of snow
CHAPTER 12 Land surface analysis
CHAPTER 13 SST and sea-ice analysis
CHAPTER 14 Reduced-rank Kalman filter
REFERENCES
|
|
First
Section
Previous Section
Alduchov, O. A. and Eskridge, R.E., 1996: Improved Magnus form approximation
of saturation vapor pressure. J. Appl. Met., 35,
601-609.
Andersson, E., Pailleux, J., Thépaut, J.-N., Eyre, J. R., McNally,
A. P., Kelly, G. A. and Courtier, P., 1994: Use of cloud-cleared radiances
in three/four-dimensional variational data assimilation. Q. J. R. Meteorol.
Soc., 120, 627-653
Andersson, E., Haseler, J., Undén, P., Courtier, P., Kelly, G.,
Vasiljevic, D., Brankovic, C., Cardinali, C., Gaffard, C., Hollingsworth,
A., Jakob, C., Janssen, P., Klinker, E., Lanzinger, A., Miller, M., Rabier,
F., Simmons, A., Strauss, B., Thépaut, J.-N. and Viterbo, P., 1998:
The ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var).
Part III: Experimental results. To appear in Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
Andersson, E., 1997: Implementation of variational quality control.
Proc. ECMWF workshop on "Non-linear aspects of data assimilation", Reading,
9-11 September 1996.
Andersson, E. and Järvinen, H., 1999: Variational quality control.
Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 125, 697-722
Bartello, P. and Mitchell, H. L., 1992: A continuous three-dimensional
model of short-range forecast error covariance. Tellus, 44A,
217-235.
Blondin, C., 1991: `Parametrization of land surface processes in
numerical weather prediction'. Pp. 31-54 in Land surface evaporation:
measurement and parametrization, T. J. Schmugge and J.-C. André,
Eds., Springer-Verlag
Bouttier, F., Derber, J. and Fisher, M., 1997: The 1997 revision
of the Jb term in 3D/4D-Var. ECMWF Tech. Memo. 238.
Buck, A.L., 1981: New equations for computing vapor pressure and
enhancement factor. J. Appl. Met., 20, 1527-1532.
Buizza, R., 1994: Sensitivity of optimal unstable structures. Q.
J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 429-451
Cardinali, C., Andersson, E., Viterbo, P., Thépaut, J.-N. and Vasiljevic,
D., 1994: Use of conventional surface observations in three-dimensional
variational data assimilation. ECMWF Tech. Memo. 205.
Courtier, P., Thépaut, J.-N. and Hollingsworth, A., 1994: A
strategy for operational implementation of 4D-Var, using an incremental
approach. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 1367-1388
Courtier, P., Andersson, E., Heckley, W., Pailleux, J., Vasiljevic, D.,
Hamrud, M., Hollingsworth, A., Rabier, F. and Fisher, M., 1998: The
ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var).
I: Formulation. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 124, 1783-1807.
Douville, H., Viterbo, P., Mahfouf, J.-F. and Beljaars, A. C. M. (2001):
"Evaluation of the optimum interpolation and nudging techniques for soil
moisture analysis using FIFE data" Mon. Wea. Rev., 128,
1733-1756
Eyre, J. R., 1989: Inversion of cloudy satellite sounding radiances
by nonlinear optimal estimation. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 115,
1001-1037.
Eyre, J. R., 1991: A fast radiative transfer model for satellite
sounding systems. ECMWF Tech. Memo. 176.
Eyre, J.R. 1992: A bias correction scheme for simulated TOVS brightness
temperatures. ECMWF Research Dept. Tech. Memo. 186.
Eyre, J. R., Kelly, G. A., McNally, A. P., Andersson, E. and Persson,
A.,1993: Assimilation of TOVS radiance information through one-dimensional
variational analysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 119,
1427-1463.
Fisher, M. and Courtier, P., 1995: Estimating the covariance matrices
of analysis and forecast error in variational data assimilation, ECMWF Tech.
Memo. 220.
Freilich, M. S. and Anderson, D., 1997: Ambiguity removal and assimilation
of scatterometer data. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 123, 491-518
Foster , D.J. and R.D. Davy, 1988 : Global snow depth climatology.
U.S. Air Force Environmental Tech. Applications Center/TN-88/006, 48 pp.
[Available from National Climate Data Center, 151 Patton Avenue, Asheville,
NC 28801]
Gaffard, C., Roquet, H., Hansen, B., Andersson, E. and Anderson, D.,
1997: Impact of the ERS-1 scatterometer wind data on the ECMWF 3D-Var
assimilation system. To appear in Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
Gauthier, P. and Thepaut, J.-N., 2000: Impact of the digital filter as a
weak constraint in the pre-operational 4D-Var assimilation system of Meteo-France.
Submitted to Mon. Weather Rev.
Geleyn, J.-F., 1988: Interpolation of wind, temperature and humidity
values from the model levels to the height of meaurement. Tellus,
40, 347-351
Gerard, E, and R. Saunders, 1999: 4D-Var assimilation of SSM/I total column
water vapour in the ECMWF model. ECMWF RD Tech Memo no.270.
Gilbert, J. C. and Lemaréchal, C., 1989: Some numerical experiments
with variable storage quasi-Newton algorithms. Math. Prog., B25,
407-435
Harris, B. 1997: A revised bias correction scheme for TOVS radiances.
ECMWF Technical Memorandum No. ?.
Hollingsworth, A. and Lönnberg, P., 1986: The statistical structure
of short-range forecast errors as determined from radiosonde data. Part
I: The wind field. Tellus, 38A, 111-136
Ingleby, N. B. and Lorenc, A. C., 1993: Bayesian quality control
using multivariate normal distributions. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.,119,
1195-1225.
Järvinen, H. and Undén, P., 1997: Observation screening
and first guess quality control in the ECMWF 3D-Var data assimilation system.
ECMWF Tech. Memo. 236.
Järvinen, H, S Saarinen and P Undén, 1996: User's guide
for blacklisting. 51pp. Available on request from ECMWF, Shinfield Park,
RG2 9AX, Reading, Berkshire, England.
Järvinen, H., E. Andersson and F. Bouttier, 1999: Variational
assimilation of time sequences of surface observations with serially correlated
errors. submitted to Tellus, 28pp. also, RD Tech Memo no.266.
Kelly, G. and Pailleux, J., 1988: Use of satellite vertical sounder
data in the ECMWF analysis system. ECMWF Tech. Memo. 143.
Kelly, G., Andersson, E., Hollingsworth, A., Lönnberg, P., Pailleux,
J. and Zhang, Z., 1991: Quality control of operational physical retrievals
of satellite sounding data. Mon. Weather Rev., 119,
1866-1880.
Leidner, S. M., Hofman, R. N. and Augenbaum, J., 1999: SeaWinds Satterometer
Real-Time BUFR Geophysical Data Product User's Guide Version 1.0, available
from ECMWF and AER
Lönnberg, P, 1989: Developments in the ECMWF analysis system.
ECMWF Seminar on Data assimilation and the use of satellite data. 5-9 September
1988, 75-119.
Lönnberg, P. and Hollingsworth, A., 1986: The statistical structure
of short-range forecast errors as determined from radiosonde data. Part
II: The covariance of height and wind errors. Tellus, 38A,
137-161.
Lönnberg, P and D Shaw, 1985: Data selection and quality control
in the ECMWF analysis system. ECMWF Workshop on The Use And Quality Control
of Meteorological Observations, 6-9 November 1984, 225-254.
Lönnberg, P and D Shaw (Eds.), 1987: ECMWF Data Assimilation
Scientific Documentation. Research Manual 1.
Lorenc, A. C., 1986: Analysis methods for numerical weather prediction.
Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 112, 1177-1194.
Lorenc, A. C., 1988: Optimal nonlinear objective analysis. Q.
J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 114, 205-240.
Lott ,F. and Miller M.J., 1997 : A new subgrid-scale orographic drag
parametrization : its formulation and testing. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.,
123, 101-127.
Louis, J.-F., 1979: A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in
the atmosphere. Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 17. 187-202.
Louis, J.-F., Tiedtke, M. and Geleyn, J.-F., 1982: `A short history
of the PBL parametrization at ECMWF'. Pp. 59-80 in Proc. ECMWF Workshop
on Planetary boundary layer parameterization, Reading, 25-27 November, 1981
Lynch, P., 1993: Digital Filters for Numerical Weather Prediction. HIRLAM
Technical Report No 10.
Lynch, P., 1996: The Dolph-Chebyshev Window: A Simple Optimal Filter. Mon.
Weather Rev., 125, 655-660
Machenhauer, B., 1977: On the dynamics of gravity oscillations in
a shallow water model, with application to normal mode initialization. Contrib.
Atmos. Phys., 50, 253-271.
McNally, A. P. and Vesperini, M., 1996: Variational analysis of humidity
information from TOVS radiances. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122,
1521-1544.
Mahfouf, J.-F., Buizza, R., and Errico, R. M., 1997: Strategy for
including physical processes in the ECMWF data assimilation system. In Proceedings
of the ECMWF Workshop on non-linear aspects of data assimilation, Shinfield
Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, 9-11 September 1996
Mahfouf, J.-F., 1998: Influence of physical processes on the tangent-linear
approximation
Mahfouf, J.-F. (1991): "Analysis of soil moisture from near surface
parameters : a feasibility study", J. Appl. Meteor., 30,
1534-1547
Pailleux, J.,1990: `A global variational assimilation scheme and
its application for using TOVS radiances'. Pp. 325-328 in Proc. WMO International
Symposium on Assimilation of observations in meteorology and oceanography",
Clermont-Ferrand, France
Parrish, D. F. and Derber, J. C., 1992: The National Meteorological
Center's spectral statistical interpolation analysis system. Mon. Weather
Rev., 120, 1747-1763.
Phalippou, L., 1996: Variational retrieval of humidity profile, wind
speed and cloud liquid-water path with the SSM/I: Potential for numerical
weather prediction. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122,
327-355.
Phalippou, L. and Gérard, É., 1996: `Use of precise microwave
imagery in numerical weather forecasting'. Study report to the European
Space Agency. Available from ECMWF.
Rabier, F. and McNally, A., 1993: Evaluation of forecast error covariance
matrix. ECMWF Tech. Memo. 195.
Rabier, F., McNally, A., Andersson, E., Courtier, P., Undén, P.,
Eyre, J., Hollingsworth, A. and Bouttier, F., 1998: The ECMWF implementation
of three dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). II: Structure funtions.
To appear in Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
Rabier, F., Mahfouf, J.-F., Fisher, M., Järvinen, H. , Simmons.
A., Andersson, E., Bouttier, F., Courtier, P., Hamrud, M., Haseler, J.,
Hollingsworth, A., Isaksen, L., Klinker, E., Saarinen, S., Temperton, C.,
Thépaut, J.-N. , Undén, P., and Vasiljevic, D., 1997a: Recent
experimentation on 4D-Var and first results from a simplified Kalman filter.
ECMWF Tech. Memo. 240.
Rabier, F., Thépaut, J.-N. and Courtier, P., 1997b: Four-dimensional
variational assimilation at ECMWF. In Proceedings of the ECMWF Seminar on
data assimilation, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, September 1996.
Saunders, R. W. and Matricardi, M., 1998: `A fast forward model for
ATOVS (RTATOV)'. Tech. Proc. 9th International TOVS Study Conf., Igls, Austria,
20-26 February, 1997. 11 pp.
Savijärvi, H., 1995: Error growth in a large numerical forecast
system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 212-221.
Simmons, A. J. and Burridge, D., 1981: An energy and angular momentum
conserving vertical finite difference scheme and hybrid coordinate. Mon.
Weather Rev., 109, 758-766.
Simmons, A. J. and Chen, J., 1991: The calculation of geopotential
and the pressure gradient in the ECMWF atmospheric model: Influence on the
simulation of the polar atmosphere and on temperature analyses. Q. J.
R. Meteorol. Soc., 117, 29-58.
Stoffelen, A. 1999: Scatterometry. PhD Thesis, available from KNMI
Stoffelen, A. and Anderson, D., 1997: Ambiguity removal and assimilation
of scatterometer data. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 123,
491-518.
Temperton, C., 1988: Implicit normal mode initialization. Mon.
Weather Rev., 116, 1013-1031.
Temperton, C., 1989: Implicit normal mode initialization for spectral
models. Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 436-451.
Thépaut, J.-N., Courtier, P., Belaud, G., and Lemaitre, G., 1996:
Dynamical structure functions in a four-dimensional variational assimilation:
a case study. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122, 535-561.
Tiedtke, M., 1989 : A comprehensive massflux scheme for cumulus parametrization
in large-scale models. Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 1779-1800.
Tomassini, M., LeMeur, D. and Saunders, R., 1997: Satellite wind
observations of hurricanes and their impact on NWP model analyses and forecasts.
To appear in Mon. Weather Rev.
Vasiljevic, D., Cardinali, C. and Undén, P., 1992: `ECMWF 3D-Variational
assimilation of conventional observations'. In Proc. ECMWF workshop on Variational
assimilation with emphasis on three-dimensional aspects. Reading, 9-12 November
1992.
Wergen, W., 1987: Diabatic nonlinear normal mode initialisation for
a spectral model with a hybrid vertical coordinate. ECMWF Tech. Report 59.
First Section
Previous Section
|