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The model formulation is based on a set of
basic equations, of which some are diagnostic and describe
the static relationship between pressure, density, temperature
and height, and some are prognostic and describe the time
evolution of the horizontal wind components, surface pressure,
temperature and the water vapour contents of an air
parcel.
Additional equations describe changes in the
hydrometeors (rain, snow, liquid water, cloud ice content etc).
There are options for passive tracers such as ozone. The processes
of radiation, gravity wave drag, vertical turbulence, convection,
clouds and surface interaction are, due to their relatively small
scales (unresolved by the model’s resolution), described in a
statistical way as parametrization processes (arranged in
entirely vertical columns).
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